Lesson 5 / 24
The accusative -n
Mark the direct object so word order can move freely.
After a verb that acts on something, add -n: Mi legas libron. The subject stays without -n. Because -n carries the role, Mi vidas Markon and Markon vidas mi mean the same. Adjectives take -n too: Mi legas novan libron.
A letter on the table
Read the story. Click a word to see what it means.
Lina leteron. leteron amiko .
vidas ĉe fenestro. belan .
Tomaso malfermas . ĉambron libron.
? leteron. ? novan libron.
Read this aloud
- Kion vi legas? What are you reading?
- Mi legas novan libron pri Esperanto. I am reading a new book about Esperanto.
- Ĉu vi vidas la katon? Do you see the cat?
- Jes. La kato kuŝas sur la seĝon? Ne — sur la seĝo. Yes. Does the cat lie onto the chair? No — on the chair.
Location vs motion
After a preposition, stay without -n for location: sur la seĝo (on the chair). Add -n only if something moves onto it: sur la seĝon (onto the chair).
Words in this lesson
Practice
Write the Esperanto. Do not forget -n on the object. Enter checks your answer.
I read a book.
libro + n.
I see the cat.
la kato + n.
I read a new book.
Both adjective and noun take -n.
She writes a letter.
skribi + object -n.
He takes the new book.
Both nova and libro take -n.
Build the word
Type the Esperanto, with -n if it is the object.
a letter (object)
letero + n.
a bird (object)
birdo + n.
a beautiful song (object)
Adjective and noun both take -n.
the new book (object)
la stays; nova and libro take -n.
Complete the sentences
Add the missing -n (type the full word).
Mi legas libro____.
The object of legas needs -n.
Ŝi vidas la kato____.
la katon.
Li kantas bela____ kanton.
The adjective agrees: belan.
Tomaso eniras la ĉambro____.
Motion into: ĉambron.